ヒト胎児の行動発達

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  • 諸隈 誠一
    九州大学大学院医学研究院保健学部門看護学分野

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タイトル別名
  • Development of Fetal Behavior
  • ヒト タイジ ノ コウドウ ハッタツ

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The development of fetal behavior correlates with the developmental process of the anatomical neural network. During the last three decades, real-time ultrasonography has facilitated in vivo observations of human fetal movements. We aimed to describe the ontogeny of fetal behavior not only by observing the developmental process of each movement along with the progress in gestation, but also by investigating various movements in relation to or concurrent with one another, to gradually become integrated into more complex movements. In this article, we focus on the ontogeny of fetal eye movements (EMs) and mouthing movements. / The EMs observed during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep are the most distinctive characteristics of this state. REM sleep occupies a relatively large proportion of early development. In addition, REM activities such as EM density are required for healthy brain development and can be used to assess central nervous system function. Fetal EMs can be detected at approximately 14 weeks of gestation and not only increase throughout development but also begin to consolidate around 24‒25 weeks of gestation ; body movement and EM expression cycles become synchronized. The REM activity of human fetuses increased up to 28-29 weeks of gestation and further increased from 36-37 to 38-39 weeks of gestation. Regular mouthing closely concurred with the non-rapid eye movement (NREM) period from 35 weeks of gestation to term. In infants born at or after 35-36 weeks of gestation, regular mouthing movement was only observed during NREM sleep. / These results could be used to foster the development of an index of fetal neurological function and to provide valuable normative data to eventually allow for neurological prognosis and prediction in utero.

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