東日本大震災被害と精神的健康 : 自宅損壊リスクを考慮した分析

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  • Damage from the Great East Japan Earthquake and mental health : Analyses considering the risk of house damage
  • ヒガシニホン ダイシンサイ ヒガイ ト セイシンテキ ケンコウ : ジタク ソンカイ リスク オ コウリョ シタ ブンセキ

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We examine whether house damage from the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011 has had a negative impact on the victims' mental health.At the same time, to identify conditions that could mitigate such negative impact, we focus on the role that the state of social isolation, such as in terms of human networks or ways of communication, plays in mental illness.We use individual data from the sample survey conducted in Sendai city a half year after the earthquake. (1) We estimate the OLS regression model of a mental illness indicator including house damage experience caused by the earthquake as an explanatory variable. (2) We also estimate the relationship between the state of social isolation and a mental illness indicator. Taking account of differences in disaster-related risk, we balance the structure of covariates using a propensity score of experiencing house damage (inverse probability treatment estimation). We find that the risk of home damage is associated with home-owning or insurance coverage. The results show that experience of house damage has a statistically significant positive impact on mental illness in both the conventional model estimation and estimation adjusted by propensity score. We also find that among the high risk group for house damage,for those who actually experienced house damage, internet use (female) and neighborhood chatting (male) are associated with low scores for mental illness. For women in the low risk group for house damage who didn't experience house damage, volunteer experience shows low scores for mental illness. These results suggest that community development after an earthquake disaster would play an important role in the process of reconstruction.

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