大腸癌及び大腸腺腫におけるCarcinoembryonic Antigen 及びNonspecific Cross-reacting Antigenの遺伝子発現

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  • The Expression of Carcinoembryonic Antigen(CEA) and Nonspecific Cross-reacting Antigen(NCA) Genes in Colonic Cancers and Adenomas

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In order to study the significance of CEA and NCA gene expression as a tumor marker in colonic disorders, the level of mRNA expression of CEA and NCA in colonic cancers, noncancerous colonic mucosa and colonic adenomas were investigated by Northern blot analysis and were compared with those of CEA and NCA gene products by immunohistochemical methods. In addition, the effects of IFN and irradiation on the expression of the CEA gene were studied. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Northern blot analysis using probes from the noncoding regions of CEA and NCA cDNA was able to identify CEA mRNAs with lengths of 3.5 kb and 4.2 kb and an NCA mRNA with lengths of 2.9 kb, respectively. In addition, there was no heterogeneity in the size of mRNAs which were extracted from human cultured cell lines. 2. In all colonic cancerous tissues, CEA mRNA was detected and the amount of CEA mRNA related to the strength of immunohistochemical staining of the CEA product. However, some of the noncan cerous tissue expressed equal or close amounts of CEA mRNA to that of the cancerous tissues. The expression of CEA mRNA was not specific to colonic cancers. This suggests that the discrepancy between the amount of CEA mRNA and the strength of immunohistochemical staining of the product reflects the different mechanisms of CEA metabolism between cancerous tissues and normal colonic mucosa. 3. Cancerous tissues showed stronger expression of NCA mRNA than that in noncancerous tissues. This suggests that NCA may be useful as a tumor marker, especially in the histological studies. 4. The amounts of NCA mRNA in colonic adenomas from seven patients were higher than that in normal colonic mucosa. It is suggested that colonic adenomas have a potential to malignancy as far as the NCA mRNA is concerned. 5. The cultured colonic carcinoma cell, WiDr treated with IFN-γ, showed increased amounts of both ?CEA mRNA and CEA released to the medium. IFN is thought to affect the transcriptional regulatory mechanism of CEA gene. In addition, low dose irradiation increased the amount of CEA mRNA in cultured gastric carcinoma cells, MKN45.

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