隋唐期東アジアの「優塡王像」受容に關する覺書

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • Notes on the Reception of "King Udayana Images" in East Asia during the Sui and Tang Dynasties
  • ズイトウキ ヒガシアジア ノ 「 ユウテンオウゾウ 」 ジュヨウ ニ カンスル オボエガキ
  • 隋唐期東アジアの「優填王像」受容に関する覚書

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抄録

The Japanese priest Chōnen (938-1016) went to Song dynasty China in the eighth month of 983 and returned to the Heian capital of Japan in the second month of 986. The Standing Shaka Nyorai (Skt. Śākyamuni) image, which he brought back with him and which is now the principle image in the Kyoto temple of Seiryōji, was made in 985 in Taizhou, Zhejiang province near Ningbo. The image is extolled as an incomparable portrait of Shaka that possesses miraculous powers, and that was transmitted across the "three countries" of India, China, Japan. It was based upon an image known as Sendan Shaka zuizō (Auspicious Śākyamuni Image Made of Indian Sandalwood) that was in Yangzhou, Jiangsu province for many years. After that, it was in Jinling (present-day Nanjing) before being moved to the Northern Song capital of Bianjing (present-day Kaifeng) at the time that Chōnen came to China. Many reproductions, each of which is known as a "Seiryōji-style Shaka, " were made of this sculpture. Legend states that King Udayana, ruler of Kauśāmbī in India, had this auspicious sandalwood Śākyamuni image carved while the Buddha was still alive, and is thought to be the first image of the Buddha ever created. This and similar images are known as "King Udayana images, " referring not to a portrait of the king, but a portrait of Śākyamuni that the king had commissioned. From looking at the form of the Seiryōji sculpture, it is thought that the sculpture was actually produced not in India, but likely in east Turkmenistan (modern day Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region) or in northern China sometime during the fifth or sixth century. On the other hand, prior to the production of the Seiryōji image, there were many Śākyamuni images in China, even besides the Yangzhou image that served as its model, which were purported to be the King Udayana image. Examples are the sculpture that the Chinese priest Xuanzang supposedly copied from the image worshipped in Kauśāmbī and brought back with him to China, and the sculpture which Chinese priest Daoxuan piously venerated at Daming temple in Jingzhou province.

収録刊行物

  • 東方學報

    東方學報 88 111-149, 2013-12-20

    京都大學人文科學研究所

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