As you know, Zhou Zuoren (周作人 1885-1967) was one of the person who created new literature in modern China. He had become a pioneer in many fields, such as folklore, juvenile literature, and new poetry in May Fourth era and so on among over sixty years of his writing life. Although he didn't produce any systematic achievements, yet especially in writings about women or sexology accounted for considerable quantities--it is no exaggeration to say that it was his lifetime work; there were indeed a few years of blanks. In May of 1904, at the time he was 19 years old and spending his adolescence in Nanjing as a student of Nanjing Shuishi Xuetang (南京水師學堂), he had threw himself into the literary world by contributing to a magazine, called «Nüji shijie 女子世界». By 1907, the year, that is, when last volume of «Nüji Shijie» was out, he had published 10 writings in this magazine in total. He had kept the same assertion, which was "First of all, all Chinese women must be the Unknown Outstanding Woman", throughout this time. Indeed, to make China strong, "Appear the Unknown Heroes before making Well-known Heroes" was the ruling propaganda of the time, which was made by Liang Qichao (梁啓超). At that time, Liang used to be extremely influential to the youth in China, and Zhou Zuoren was under his influence without exception. We can easily find Liang's influence, not only in Zhou's way of thinking but also in his style. Liang wrote many writings on women, but in his writings to enlighten women, he asserted "Well-known Outstanding Women", such as Mrs. Roland, Jeanne d'Arc. Nevertheless, Zhou Zuoren agitated "Unknown Outstanding Women" on the contrary. These matter of facts had been noticed or pointed out so far as just a biographical matter, but why did Zhou Zuoren have to accomplish his departure for writing in the enlightenment magazine for women by pretending to be a girl--he used two girls' name called "Pingyun 萍雲" and "Biluo 碧羅"--? (Actually, very few women really could understand those discourses or influenced by these ideals, because there was a problem of lack of literacy. Therefore, the cases that many men who contributed to magazines for women, used women's name were quite popular during the last period of Qing dynasty.) The background was left to be unsaid, but in order to understand Zhou's attitude toward women in his writings, which were to make ever since, more deeply, it seemed necessary to figure it out. The purpose of this thesis is to elucidate the facts and his motivation which is lying in back of his starting, mainly focus on Zhou's writings in «Nüzi Shijie». Consider this problem from various writings he wrote, such as diary of Nanjing days, essay on his unrequited love entitled as «Yu yuan 娯園» that was written in 1920's, and reminiscences (『知堂回想錄』), we can see the shadow of a woman over his discourses in «Nüji Shijie» and especially in a novel entitled as «Huangji 荒磯», a translation from Conan Doyle's «The Man From Archangel» that Zhou published on «Nüji Shijie» vol. 14, 15 in 1905. The woman who Zhou became infatuated was his cousin Li Yongping (酈永平)--as you can see, Zhou named himself as Pingyun by borrowing from her name. She married to a fiancée against her will and suffered from a cruel life with husband's family, and died, having been at a loss what to do but only to cry. From these points of view, in series of Zhou's writings in «Nüji shijie» were thoroughly dedicated to her. Unknown Outstanding Women that he had enhanced that much were antitheses to the reality of Li Yongping herself and her pitiable marriage. We must understand Zhou's painful and heart-rending longings from his writings of those days. It was she, led Zhou Zuoren to the discourses on women or Eros for his lifetime.