Phò loan and Xay ban in Caodai : Xay ban during Caodai's Formation Period

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Other Title
  • カオダイ教におけるフォ・ロアン(Phò loan)とサイ・バン(Xây bàn) --カオダイ教形成過程におけるサイ・バンを中心として--
  • カオダイ教におけるフォ・ロアン(Pho loan)とサイ・バン(Xay ban) : カオダイ教形成過程におけるサイ・バンを中心として
  • カオダイキョウ ニ オケル フォ ・ ロアン(Pho loan)ト サイ ・ バン(Xay ban) : カオダイキョウ ケイセイ カテイ ニ オケル サイ ・ バン オ チュウシン ト シテ

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Abstract

Caodai, a Vietnamese new religious movement, has four ways of reading divine will. (1) Phò co /Phò loan , which corresponds to Fuji in China. It is said to have been first used by Ngo Van Chieu in 1917 under the influence of the Mekong Delta's Ngu Chi Minh Dao. (2) Xây bàn". Table turning" in English, this is a way to communicate with dead spirits and was transmitted to Vietnam from France as a part of Alan Kardec's spiritism. (3) Xin Xăm, a divination method that uses bamboo sticks. (4) Châp bút, a kind of automatic writing (psychography) by a small child whose arm is thought to be controlled b y adivinity. In this paper, I compare the meanings of Phò co'/Phòloan and Xây bàn, and conclude that the Nôi Giáo Tâm Truyện group, which was founded by Ngô Văn Chiêu, and the Ngoai Giáo Công Truyện group differed in their political opinions. The Tay Ninh sect began as "Ngoai Giáo Công Truyện", and during its initial period (around 1925-1927), Pham Công Tac, Cao Hoài Sang, Cao Quynh Cu', etc. did not know about Phòco' [LD1], relying only on the books of Thân Linh Hoc from France. However, in September 1925, for the first time these three founders of the Tay Ninh sect met Thât Nuong Diêu Trì Cung, Cuu Thiên Huyên Nu, and Diêu Trì Kim Mâu, who told them that Phòco' is a considerably more convenient and faster method than Xây bàn for requesting teachings from holy people such as Diêu Trì Kim Mâu. It appears that for this reason Phòco' was adopted in Tay Ninh sect around 1927 or 1928.

Journal

  • 人文學報

    人文學報 108 127-141, 2015-12-30

    THE INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH IN HUMANITIES, KYOTO UNIVERSITY

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