<Articles>The Jiaji 加級 System of Promotion under the Qing Dynasty : The Durable Bureaucracy of Late Imperial China

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  • <論説>清代加級考 : 中国官僚制度の一側面
  • 清代加級考--中国官僚制度の一側面
  • シンダイカキュウコウ チュウゴク カンリョウ セイド ノ イチソクメン

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Abstract

Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) records concerning bureaucratic appointments frequently refer to the term jiaji, which represented a means of honoring officials. Significantly, during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) this term rarely appears. Instead, it first became prominent during the Qianlong reign (1736-96). As it became common, its original function as a means of praising officials withered, and instead, it could be purchased by officials, who used it as a means to offset any possible future demotions. This elaborate structure, devoted to preserving official posts, represented one of the pillars that accounted for the durability of the traditional Chinese bureaucracy.

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  • 史林

    史林 84 (6), 795-829, 2001-11-01

    THE SHIGAKU KENKYUKAI (The Society of Historical Research), Kyoto University

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