<Note>Establishment of San－ssu－shih 三司使 : Reformation of T'ang 唐 and Sung 宋 and Shih－chih 使職

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  • <研究ノート>三司使の成立について : 唐宋の変革と使職
  • 三司使の成立について--唐宋の変革と使職
  • サンシシ ノ セイリツ ニ ツイテ トウ ソウ ノ ヘンカク ト シショク

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Shih-chih 使職, Chieh-tu-shih 節度使, Tu-chih-shih 度支使, and Shu-mi-shih 樞密使, the officials without constitution after the middle of T'ang 唐, were established in order to meet the social change and to strengthen the monarchy. These Shih-chih 使職, originated from huan-kuan 宦官, played an important role in dissolving the Medieval aristocracy and creating a new society after Sung 宋. Certainly, Shih-chih were transitional, and it is remarkable that Pi-chao 辟召 system revived with this disappeared again after Sung. This article treats, of these Shih-chih, the forming process of San-ssŭ-shih 三司使, worthy of the Chancellor of the Exchequer in Wu-tai 五代 and northern Sung. As the national finance grew expanding, the importance of Tu-chih 度支 subdepartment in Hu-pu 戸部 was increasing. When the An-shih 安史 rebellion occurred, Ti-wu-ch'i 第五琦 was appointed for the first time to a Tu-chih-shih for Shan-nan-têng-wu-tao 山南等五道, raising money for war expense. Promoting a successful monopoly of sea salt in the southeastern countries as a desperate measure, he was appointed to Yen-t'ieh-shih 塩鉄使 to execute the monopoly of salt all over the country. Hereafter, Tu-chih-shih and Yen-t'ieh-shih went halves in the nationwide finance divided in east and west, and then after Wu-tai San-ssŭ-shih 三司史 was established in T'ang.

Journal

  • 史林

    史林 44 (4), 609-633, 1961-07-01

    THE SHIGAKU KENKYUKAI (The Society of Historical Research), Kyoto University

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