<Articles>Historico-geographical Research on the Ikeda 池田 Manor under the Rule of the Matsuo 松尾 Shrine in the lower Basin of the Tenryu 天龍 River

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  • <論説>天龍川下流域における松尾神社領池田荘の歴史地理学的研究
  • 天竜川下流域における松尾神社領池田荘の歴史地理学的研究
  • テンリュウ カワシモ リュウイキ ニ オケル マツオ ジンジャリョウ イケダソウ ノ レキシ チリガクテキ ケンキュウ

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The document registered in the 3rd year of Kaô 嘉応 (1171) about the Ikeda 池田 manor, under the rule of the Matsuo 松尾 Shrine, in the Tôtômi 遠江 province, was very important to know the origin of the dispersed settlements in Japan, as already pointed out by the late Dr. M. Fujita; but as this manor was situated on the flood plain in the lower part of the Tenryu 天龍 river, and suffered from frequent inundation, it is difficult to prove the succession of settlement, and to reconstitute exactly the past landscapes with very few related sources. These several years, through the examination of documents, the interpretation of aerial photographs and the field-survey, we have tried to make elear the limit of the manor and to reconstitute the old physical environment and the medieval settlement. This paper is a report of our latest result. The area is situated on the plain under the alluvial action, forming a subsidence block, high in the north and west and low in the south and east, having the remarkable netted traces of abandoned channels made with frequent variation of the main current; in which the old central sandbanks and natural levees formed a lower highlands. The development of the Ikeda manor is thought to be a result of cultivating at first this lower highlands and then advancing into the lowlands such as current trace and back marsh. Those who maintained the terminal organ as 'Zaike 在家' in the ruling system of a remote manor, were the leader class of the social groups which occupied separately the lower highlands; but 'Zaike' organized only a small community, not ruling many serves of his own with his strong power like in the other remote land of medieval Japan. In the Ikeda manor people seemed to live separately around the Zaike, forming a hamlet or a small scale of the thinly housed village as a unit which consisted of several families of almost the same origin occupying the lower highlands.

Journal

  • 史林

    史林 49 (2), 203-233, 1966-03-01

    THE SHIGAKU KENKYUKAI (The Society of Historical Research), Kyoto University

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