The Diachronic Influence of Germanic Languages on Romance Vocabulary: The Lexicography of Old English and the Romance Languages Prior to the 10th Century

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  • ロマンス語語彙におけるゲルマン語の通時的影響 : 10世紀までのロマンス語語彙と古英語
  • ロマンスゴゴイ ニ オケル ゲルマンゴ ノ ツウジテキ エイキョウ : 10セイキ マデ ノ ロマンスゴゴイ ト コ エイゴ

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Abstract

The Roman Empire, which had ruled a broad region of Western Europe and part of Africa, divided into East and West in 395 C.E., and was invaded by Germanic races, with the West Roman Empire collapsing in 476 C.E. Linguistically, Vulgar Latin, which was used across various regions of the Empire, differentiated into each Romance language, making contact with Germanic languages such as Gothic, Old Frankish, Lombardic, and Old Norse. Through an analysis of cognate sets, this paper demonstrates how Romance vocabulary originating in pre-10th century Proto-Germanic remains in each of the modern Romance languages. Moreover, a large amount of Romance vocabulary entered into Old English from the Norman Conquest of England onwards, and the Romance vocabulary originating in Proto-Germanic naturally blended in with it. This paper examines to what degree Old English vocabulary that derives from Proto-Germanic replaced Romance vocabulary that originated from Proto-Germanic. It aims to display the diachronic influence on Romance languages that derived from the same ancestor as Germanic languages.

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