A再構築と併合による構造構築

寺田 寛

doi:10.32287/td00025215

type:Article

近年の文法研究において,A移動の再構築現象についての有効な説明が行われている一方で,A移動の再構築の存在を疑問視する見方がある。この論文では,A再構築についての主要な先行研究を検討し,それらの問題点と解決の方向性を考察する。

Reconstruction has been a topic of interest in the theory of grammar. Movement creates not only phonological effects, but also semantic effects, such as scope and binding possibilities. The term reconstruction is used to describe cases where movement does not bring about such semantic effects. Theories of generative grammar have attempted to yield reconstruction effects on A-movement by assuming quantifier lowering (May (1977, 1985), Diesing (1992), Boeckx (2001) among others), chain binding (Barss (1984, 1986)), deletion of higher copies (Chomsky (1995:Chapter 3), Fox (2000), Lebeaux (1995, 2009) among others), or PF-movement (Aoun and Benmamoun (1998), Sauerland and Elbourne (2002) among others). On the other hand, Chomsky (1995) and Lasnik (1998, 1999) among others argue that there is no reconstruction with A-movement. These analyses are not free from their empirical or theoretical problems and therefore are still under debate. In this paper, I suggest an altnerative approach to this issue, i.e. a Merger-based approach to reconstruction and structure-building. A lexical item is made up of phonological, semantic and formal features. This approach allows an insertion of phonological features and other features in separate positions, therefore yielding A-movement reconstruction effects without any undoing operations such as quantifier-lowering or deletion of higher copies (see Terada (2008, 2009, 2010), for preliminary studies on reconstruction). If our alternative is on the right track, a Merger-based approach to structure building is supported by evidence from reconstruction effects, although we will leave further elaboration of this approach to future research.

A再構築と併合による構造構築

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