Molecular-targeting therapeutic agents: current issues and promising vista

DOI IR IR (HANDLE)

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  • 分子標的治療薬の現状の課題と将来展望

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Traditional chemotherapy has been the hallmark of cancer treatment, but chemotherapeutic agents not only kill cancer cells but also affect some of healthy cells in the body. Over the last two decades, a new generation of cancer treatment has come to the forefront, i.e., molecular-targeted cancer therapies using monoclonal antibodies and small-molecule inhibitors. Molecular-targeting therapeutic agents block specific proteins or genes that help cancers grow and spread. Since they focus on specific molecular changes which are unique to a particular cancer, molecular-targeted cancer therapies may be more specifically beneficial for many cancer types, including lung, breast, colorectal, leukemia, and lymphoma. Moreover, recent advances have made it possible to analyze and to tailor treatment to an individual patient's tumor. For some types of cancer, molecular-targeted cancer therapies may work better than other treatments such as traditional chemotherapy. However, despite highly successful improvements of survival rates, limitations due to tumor heterogeneity, primary and acquired therapy resistance, immune evasion, and economical considerations will need to be overcome. This review article provides an overview of the up-to-date knowledge regarding molecular-targeted cancer therapies.

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