The transition of use of Aesculus turbinata in the late Jomon periods

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  • 縄文時代後半期のトチノキ利用の変遷
  • ジョウモン ジダイ コウハンキ ノ トチノキ リヨウ ノ ヘンセン

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Abstract

This study is to establish the transition of use of Aesculus turbinata in the late Jomon periods and radiocarbon chronology, and to propose the hypotheses of this transition in the northern Tohoku district. The climatic deterioration was caused in the stage of the middle Jomon period to the late Jomon period, especially at the Sannai-maruyama site, the vegetation history from expansion of the Aesculus turbinata forest in the lowland areas to decrease in the Castanea crenata forest related to human activities was established based on the analyses of fossil pollen assemblages. The occupation change of plant use and the birth of artificial ecosystem have been discussed at this site. In this paper, we present the transition model by three-stage process of use of Aesculus turbinata in the northern Tohoku district by radiocarbon dating related to Aesculus turbinata and pottery type. The first stage (NT-1) is the beginning of use as food resources (Entou Jousou d, and e pottery types: 4400 BP, approximately 5000 cal BP), the second stage (NT-2) is reserves in a pit dwelling and characterizing as cultural elements (Daigi 9 and 10 pottery types: 4100 BP, approximately 4600 cal BP), the third stage (NT-3) is beginning of intensive use (Tokoshinai 1 pottery type: 3700 BP, approximately 4000 cal BP). NT is an abbreviation for Northern Tohoku district. It seemed that this transition process take place against the background of the birth and development of new environmental lowland areas closely related to regression and degradation of river, and the expansion of human activities in the stage of the Daigi 9, and 10 pottery types. In addition, with this hypothetical model in mind, the situation of use of Aesculus turbinata in the southern Tohoku region, the Kanto region, and the surrounding areas (Hokkaido and northem Hokuriku region) was examined. We also reported on the radiocabon dates of the Shimono site, Shoumengahara-A site, Keshodai site, and Komaru site. This paper is composed of the contents presented in Kunikita et al. (2008) and Kunikita (2009) with the addition of newly measured data.

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