Changes in oral antimicrobial prescribing in pediatric otorhinolaryngology departments at a local primary emergency medical center

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  • Okada Satoshi
    Department of Pediatrics, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital
  • Otake Shogo
    Division of Infectious Disease Department of Pediatrics Kobe Children’s Hospital
  • Kasai Masashi
    Division of Infectious Disease Department of Pediatrics Kobe Children’s Hospital
  • Naoi Yuto
    Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Tachibana Tomoyasu
    Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital

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  • 地域の一次急患センター小児耳鼻咽喉科での経口抗菌薬処方の変化
  • チイキ ノ イチジ キュウカン センター ショウニ ジビ インコウカ デ ノ ケイコウ コウキンヤク ショホウ ノ ヘンカ

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Abstract

<p>Introduction</p><p>In 2016, the Japanese government introduced the National Action Plan on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to reduce the number of antimicrobial prescriptions. Although antimicrobial agents tend to be prescribed more frequently for children in primary medical emergency centers, reports are lacking on prescription trends in otorhinolaryngology departments.</p><p>Method</p><p>This single-center descriptive epidemiology study retrospectively investigated oral antimicrobial prescriptions for patients aged 15 years or younger who visited the department of otorhinolaryngology at the Himeji City Emergency Medical Center in 2015–2019. We then calculated the total antimicrobial prescription rate and the number of each antimicrobial prescription per 1,000 patients.</p><p>Result</p><p>The total antimicrobial prescription rate remained around 60％, and the number of prescriptions per 1,000 patients decreased from 442 to 218 and 59.7 to 4.7 for third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems, respectively, whereas it increased from 128 to 386 for amoxicillin.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>We observed a change in prescription trends of third-generation cephalosporins, carbapenems, and amoxicillin, suggesting the possibility of the effectiveness of the guidelines and action plan developed to tackle AMR. We plan to continue a prospective survey in collaboration with otorhinolaryngologists and pediatricians.</p>

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