Group 2 innate lymphoid cells in human asthma

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  • Iwata Arifumi
    Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University
  • Toda Yosuke
    Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University
  • Furuya Hiroki
    Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University
  • Nakajima Hiroshi
    Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University Chiba University Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development (cSIMVa)

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<p>Asthma is characterized by increased airway hyperresponsiveness, reversible airflow limitation, and remodeling due to allergic airway inflammation. Asthma has been proposed to be classified into various phenotypes by cluster analyses integrating clinical information and laboratory data. Recently, asthma has been classified into two major endotypes, Type 2-high and Type 2-low asthma, and various subtypes based on the underlying molecular mechanisms. In Type 2-high asthma, Th2 cells, together with group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), produce type 2 cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13, which play crucial roles in causing airway inflammation. The roles of ILC2s in asthma pathogenesis have been analyzed primarily in murine models, demonstrating their importance not only in IL-33- or papain-induced innate asthma models but also in house dust mite (HDM)- or ovalbumin (OVA)-induced acquired asthma models evoked in an antigen-specific manner. Recently, evidence regarding the roles of ILC2s in human asthma is also accumulating. This minireview summarizes the roles of ILC2s in asthma, emphasizing human studies.</p>

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