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[要約] 本研究は，中学校美術科での文化遺産及び工芸教育の充実のため，教師の指導についての考えや経験の様々な側面を明らかにすることを目的とした。現行の学習指導要領では，生徒の伝統や文化に対する知識・理解を深め，美術を通した国際理解と美術文化の継承と創造への関心を育て，多様であることを尊重できる態度を育てることが記されている。先行研究では，自国（日本）の伝統や文化の理解は国際理解や多様性への前提とされていることが指摘されている。しかし，国際化とグローバル化により，文化が複雑で流動的で，国家や民族によって限定されない現代社会において，生徒の文化的能力を伸ばすことは課題である。本研究では，教育経験の異なる７人の美術教師への半構造化インタビューによる質的調査を実施した。工芸材料，教員の学習の機会の不足，教育政策と美術教室での実情との間のギャップは，一部の教師が経験した困難の１つだった。結果を踏まえ，伝統と文化遺産の問題についてより開かれた対話を促すため，さらなる調査の必要性を示した。

[SUMMARY] This study aimed to identify various aspects of art teachers’ ideas and experiences in teaching traditional crafts as cultural heritage in lower secondary school art lessons. The current course of study for art in lower secondary schools (2017) states that students should deepen their knowledge and understanding of traditions and cultures ; develop international understanding, and increase their interests in the inheritance and creation of art and culture ; and develop respect for diversity. An understanding of the traditions and culture of one’s own country (in this case, Japan) is a prerequisite for international understanding and cultural diversity. However, it is a challenge for art teachers to develop students’ cultural competence in a modern society where culture is complex, fluid, and not limited to national or ethnic groups because of internationalization and globalization. There is a need to identify the best ways to develop students’ cultural competency. Therefore, we used a qualitative research with semi-structured interviews with seven art teachers who had different years of teaching experiences. Issues, such as insufficient craft materials, and lack of teacher training in traditional crafts and cultural heritage and the necessary support for teachers, were identified. The tension between current international understanding policy and the real situation of art classrooms was also one of the difficulties experienced by some teachers. The results showed the need for further investigations and development of teaching strategies to encourage more open dialogue about issues related to tradition and cultural heritage.