Attainment of the Non-restraint (asaṃvara)

Sthiramati's Tattvārthā, the extensive commentary on the Abhidharmakośa and its bhāṣya, had been known only in the form of fragments of Chinese translations, fragments of Uyghur translation from the lost Chinese translation, and Tibetan translation. In recent years, however, the original Sanskrit text of the Tattvārthā has become available, and the results of the research have been published. As for the chapter of Karmanirdeśa (Chapter 4), its Sanskrit text on Abhidharmakośa verses 4.34–37 has been published. In this paper, we will continue the translation of the Tattvārthā focusing on verse 4.36cd.<br> The verse discusses the scope and motivation of the acquisition of non-restraints (asaṃvara). The non-restraints is the non-information (avijñapti) that keeps away the good and habituates the bad, and is said to be possessed by those who kill for their own lives (slaughterers, hunters, executioners, etc.) and by those who steal (thieves, etc.). Verses 36cd discusses to whom, to which evil karma, and by which cause the non-restraints is acquired.<br> In addition, this paper will present the texts and translations of Vasubandhu's Abhidharmakośa/bhāṣya and Saṃghabhadra's 順正理論 in order to clarify the developement of interpretation from Vasubandhu via Saṅghabhadra to Sthiramati. Then, we will identify passages of Saṅghabhadra that Sthiramati seems to silently borrow, and try to recover some parts of the original text of Saṃghabhadra.