Effects of food-grade iron(III) oxide nanoparticles on cecal digesta- and mucosa-associated microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in rats

DOI Web Site 76 References
  • SHI Jiangchun
    West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • XIE Yumeng
    West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • LI Yulin
    Department of Hospital-acquired Infection Management, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China
  • REN Dongxia
    Department of Blood Transfusion, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
  • ZHANG Yiqi
    West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • SHAO Huangfang
    West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • LIU Yang
    West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • WANG Xue
    West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
  • LI Yun
    West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610041, China

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<p>Although iron(III) oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are widely used in diverse applications ranging from food to biomedicine, the effects of IONPs on different locations of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are unclear. So, a subacute repeated oral toxicity study on Sprague Dawley (SD) rats was performed, administering low (50 mg/kg·bw), medium (100 mg/kg·bw), and high (200 mg/kg·bw) doses of IONPs. In this study, we found that a high dose of IONPs increased animal weight, and 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that IONPs caused intestinal flora disorders in both the cecal digesta- and mucosa-associated microbiota. However, only high-dose IONP exposure changed the abundance and composition of the mucosa-associated microbiota. IONPs increased the relative abundances of Firmicutes, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Ruminiclostridium_9, Romboutsia, and Bilophila and decreased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, and many of these microorganisms are associated with weight gain, obesity, inflammation, diabetes, and mucosal damage. Functional analysis showed that changes in the gut microbiota induced by a high dose of IONPs were mainly related to metabolism, infection, immune, and endocrine disease functions. IONPs significantly elevated the levels of valeric, isobutyric, and isovaleric acid, promoting the absorption of iron. This is the first description of intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in SD rats caused by IONPs, and the effects and mechanisms of action of IONPs on intestinal and host health need to be further studied and confirmed.</p>

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