The learning instruction theories in individual subjects : focused on historical background, subject formation, and constructionism

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  • 教科学習指導論 : 歴史的経緯、主体形成と構成主義の視点から (特集 教科学習指導論)

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This paper comprehensively examines the theories of learning instruction for each subject of elementary school: Japanese, social studies, arithmetic, science, and physical education. First, I confirmed the aims and goals of the curriculum, course subjects, and theories of learning instruction at this graduate school. I then summarized the theories of learning instruction for each subject. Next, in order to define the theories of learning instruction, based on history of learning instruction, I confirmed that approaches have developed with changes from teaching to learning, and with the process of teaching, the process of learning, and the process of mutual teaching and learning; from this I derive the features of learning processes and teaching methods. Then, alongside consideration of subjectivity, subject formation, theories of constructivist learning and the historical circumstances relating to the particular development of each subject, I explore the essence of theories of learning instruction, and remaining problems.

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