青海モンゴル盟旗制支配をめぐる清朝の政策方針――18 世紀前半の牧地の画定からみる――

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タイトル別名
  • The Qing’s Policy Concerning the League-Banner System for Qinghai Mongol: Based on Pasture Demarcation in the First Half of the Eighteenth Century
  • オウミ モンゴルメイキセイ シハイ オ メグル シンチョウ ノ セイサク ホウシン : 18セイキ ゼンハン ノ ボクチ ノ カクテイ カラ ミル

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説明

This paper shows the Qing Empire’s policy concerning the League-Banner system for Qinghai Mongol in the first half of the eighteenth century by examining the pasture demarcation in Qinghai. Qinghai Mongol came to be governed by the Qing after Lobzang Danjin’s revolt in 1723. The Qing organized Qinghai Mongol into twenty-eight Banners (qosiγu in Mongolian) at that time. They demarcated the borders of the Banners’ pasture and organized documents with the boundary place names of the four directions of each Banner. Because the Qing created its inner territory along the Ulan Muren River flowing in the northern part of Qinghai for defense against Zunghar, the chiefs of Qinghai Mongol living there were forced to move to the south of Ulan Muren. After that, some asked the Qing court to move their Banners because of the new pasture’s lack of adaptability to the environment. However, the Qing thoroughly excluded them from their inner territory along the Ulan Muren, and instead, it permitted them to live only in the south of Ulan Muren. That the Qing Dynasty restricted the pasture of the Qinghai Mongol shows that defense against Zunghar had priority in its northwest boundary measures in the first half of the eighteenth century.

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