Cancer Risks of Hexavalent Chromium in the Respiratory Tract

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  • YATERA Kazuhiro
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.
  • MORIMOTO Yasuo
    Department of Occupational Pneumology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.
  • UENO Susumu
    Department of Occupational Toxicology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.
  • NOGUCHI Shingo
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.
  • KAWAGUCHI Takako
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.
  • TANAKA Fumihiro
    Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.
  • SUZUKI Hideaki
    Department of Ophthalmology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.
  • HIGASHI Toshiaki
    The President's Office, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.

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Other Title
  • 呼吸器系における六価クロムの発癌リスク

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Abstract

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) compounds are recognized as carcinogens in the respiratory tract, giving rise to cancers of the lung, nose and nasal sinuses, especially in certain occupational environments. Inhalation exposure of Cr(VI)-containing particles, dusts and fumes commonly occurs in chromium-related occupational environments, such as chromium production, plating, welding of chromium-containing metals and alloys, electroplating, chromium-containing pigments and paints. Epidemiological surveys of chromium compounds have shown strong associations between exposure to Cr(VI) and mortality due to lung cancer, as well as positive associations with cancers of the nose and nasal cavity. Nasal symptoms, such as nasal irritation, ulceration and perforation of the nasal septum, nasal turbinate engorgement and hypertrophy, are important signs for the early diagnosis of lung cancer and cancers of the nose and nasal cavity in those with an occupational history of Cr(VI) exposure. Cr(VI) exposure in the workplace remains a serious problem as a cause of lung cancer and cancers of nose and nasal cavity, especially in relatively small enterprises that use chromium compounds. Appropriate protection for workers should be considered in occupations that involve exposure to chromium compounds.

Journal

  • Journal of UOEH

    Journal of UOEH 40 (2), 157-172, 2018-06-01

    The University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan

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