障害者福祉における支援サービスネットワークの発展と利用者の生活の変化に関する研究

書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • A STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUPPORTIVE SERVICE NETWORK FOR PERSONS WITH DISABILITY AND CHANGES INCURRED ON THE LIVES OF USERS
  • ショウガイシャ フクシ ニ オケル シエン サービスネットワーク ノ ハッテン ト リヨウシャ ノ セイカツ ノ ヘンカ ニ カンスル ケンキュウ

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 Owing to newly introduced ideas such as "normalization" and "inclusive society", as well as a heightening awareness in the rights of persons with disability, welfare measures for such individuals in Japan have gradually switched from supportive services at live-in facilities to those that enable them to maintain a normal life in their own communities/regions. To do so, a network must be built either among all relevant organizations so that specialized skills and knowledges may be shared at community/region level, or within one single organization which is capable of fulfilling various functions in each community/region. This study has chosen to focus on the latter, which is defined here as a "supportive service network" (hereinafter abbreviated as "supportive SNW"). Furthermore, this study has aimed to trace the development of such supportive SNW through the recollection of the transformation from facility-type supportive measures to community-type supportive measures, as well as to identify changes incurred on the lives of network users through prior examination of the activities of one such service provider. The following results were found:<br> 1. Case study of target service provider showed that supportive SNW has evolved through six different stages, namely "1. residential facility-type single supportive service", "2. residential facility-type comprehensive supportive service", "3. residential facility-type comprehensive supportive service/group home-type supportive service/consultation-type supportive service", "4. residential facility-type comprehensive supportive service/community-type supportive service", "5. community inclusive-type supportive service network enhancement period", and "6. community-type supportive service reconstruction period", as it sought to expand its scope of community services from helping persons with disability living at facility to helping those living at home.<br> 2. Analysis of user data throughout all stages of supportive SNW development showed that 1) it has enabled users to utilize different services according to needs; 2) overall, it has helped the smooth transition of facility users into group homes; 3) group homes can be divided into four types, namely "community living transition type", "community living transition/group home return type", "community living transition/facility return type", and "group home only type", and for persons under normal employment, as current services were unable to deal with aging and severe disability, some users have been moved into facilities through "supportive SNW"; and 4) a new "life-type" service has been introduced to cater for the diversity of personal needs risen in the the place to live and the place to employments/daily activities.

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