Comparison of factors influencing the prevalence of <i>Dermatophagoides farinae</i> and <i>D. pteronyssinus</i>

DOI 5 Citations 26 References

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  • コナヒョウヒダニとヤケヒョウヒダニの生息状況に影響する要因の比較

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Factors influencing the abundance and distrubution of the house dust mites, Dermatophagoides farinae and D. pteronyssinus are discussed. Comparing the duration of development, the number of oviposition, and the longevity of adults among Pyroglyphidae, Acaridae, Glycyphagidae and Cheyletidae, it is revealed that Pyroglyphidae mites have characteristics of slower growth rate, fewer oviposition, and longer adult duration than other mites. These characteristics are considered to be a reflection of those of house dust ecosystem. Although both mite species occupy similar ecological niche and are prevailing in almost equal proportion in homes in central Japan, there are some differences in their distribution and population dynamics. D. farinae predominated over D. pteronyssinus in wooden houses with high room ratios (family size/number of rooms), and in high-floor homes of concretebuilt apartments. Moreover, D. farinae exhibited more distinct seasonal fluctuation of population densities and structures than D. pteronyssinus did. These differences between the mites are attributed to the difference in their life histories and humidity requirements. The life history of both mites includes egg, protonymph, tritonymph, and adult, and requires about one month to develop from egg to adult under optimun conditions. D. farinae has an additional stage, prolonged quiescent protonymph which occurrs in an overcrowded condition and has the ecological significance of diapause. The humidity requirements of D. farinae are distinctly lower than those of D. pteronyssinus. Thus it is concluded that D. farinae adapt to a relatively dry environment and D. pteronyssinus to a rather humid environment.

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