The Role and Challenges of Tourism in the Disaster Reconstruction

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Other Title
  • 災害復興における観光の役割と課題
  • 災害復興における観光の役割と課題 : インドネシア・ムラピ山噴火災害を事例としたダークツーリズムの再定位
  • サイガイ フッコウ ニ オケル カンコウ ノ ヤクワリ ト カダイ : インドネシア ・ ムラピサン フンカ サイガイ オ ジレイ ト シタ ダークツーリズム ノ サイテイイ
  • The Reorientation of Dark Tourism Based on the Case of a Disaster Caused by the Eruption of Mt. Merapi, Indonesia
  • インドネシア・ムラピ山噴火災害を事例としたダークツーリズムの再定位

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine and clarify the potential and problems of disaster reconstruction through tourism by analyzing the development of tourism triggered by a disaster. The case examined here is of the villages of Mt. Merapi, Indonesia, where all housings were burnt down by the eruption of the mountain in 2010. Recently, expectations regarding the potential of tourism towards disaster reconstruction has been rising in disaster locations inside and outside of Japan. However, previous studies on the topic centered on dark tourism, and have clarified only part of the relationship between disaster reconstruction and tourism, such as inheritance of memory and lessons.<br> This study examined the role and problems of tourism in the post-disaster movement of the affected society and the response to it by chronologically classifying the process of reconstruction and clarifying the development and influence of tourism at each phase of the process. <br> The result reveals that tourism is potentially able to contribute to disaster reconstruction through volunteer tourists’ direct commitment to rebuilding lives, as well as economic contributions through the profit created by tourism at a disaster area. The problem observed from this examination, on the other hand, is the existence of limitations to entering tourism businesses for those newly interested and in distributing the profit gained from the businesses. The results point out, however, that despite its problems, tourism possesses attributes that sustain the recovery of local industry during the drastic social change caused by disasters.<br> The conclusion of the study is that tourism at a disaster area is dynamic, composed through the encounter and mixture of various aspects and elements of tourism. What is observed as darkness at a disaster area–death or sorrow, for example–is simply one such element; its content and appearance may change at different phases of the reconstruction process.

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