A study of trends in the historical development of elements and techniques related to one-leg systems and handstand systems on the pommel horse

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  • あん馬における片足系・倒立系の技術発達史的研究
  • アンウマ ニ オケル カタアシケイ ・ トウリツケイ ノ ギジュツ ハッタツシテキ ケンキュウ

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Abstract

<p> The trends of elements in artistic gymnastics have been changing over time. The technique and value of each element in artistic gymnastics have also been changing. If the value and evolution of each element are not properly understood, elements and techniques currently being used cannot be understood accurately, and consequently, it would be difficult to determine the direction in which these elements need to be developed further. In order to understand the value associated with gymnastics development, research on the historical transition of elements and techniques is necessary.</p><p> Therefore, in this study, by organizing the trends in the historical development of elements and techniques related to the pommel horse, we clarified factors associated with the development of pommel horse elements. Our findings are potentially useful for developing a systematic theory of gymnastic elements. The evolution of the two-leg system of elements and techniques was described by Sano and Watanabe（ 2019）.Therefore, in this study, we decided to organize the history of technological developments with a focus on the remaining one-leg and handstand systems.</p><p>Our findings and conclusions are presented below.</p><p> In one-leg systems, almost no new elements were seen until around 2000. However, after elements that complicate the structure of existing elements were developed.</p><p> The “handstand systems” was born as a result of achieving maximum amplitude in one-leg and two-leg systems. However, since the latter half of the 2000s, the “objectification of rules” and “higher element value point” trends have become popular, and therefore, new element development methods that combine movements of each aspect are becoming more common.</p>

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