Contribution of Volcanic SO<sub>2</sub> Emission to High Concentration PM<sub>2.5</sub>under Summertime Pacific High Condition

DOI Open Access
  • Yamamura Yuki
    Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Science, Kyushu University
  • Niiya Shunji
    Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences
  • Chikara Hisao
    Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences
  • Nakagawa Shuhei
    Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences
  • Wang Zhe
    Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University
  • Uno Itsushi
    Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University

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Other Title
  • 夏季の太平洋高気圧条件下における高濃度PM<sub>2.5</sub>に対する火山の寄与解析

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Abstract

<p>High PM2.5 concentrations (daily mean exceeding 50 µg/m3) were observed from July 16 to 21, 2018, over a wide area of Japan. The surface level aerosol observation data by the Aerosol Chemical Speciation Analyzer (ACSA-14) were used for the analysis of the PM2.5 compositions, and the Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) were used for the detailed analysis of the observation data. Our findings from this study can be summarized as follows:</p><p>1) The PM2.5 was mainly composed of SO42−. SO2 emitted from the Sakurajima volcano is converted to SO42− over the East China Sea, then transported to the Japan Sea region along the marginal flow of the Pacific High. SO42− over the Japan Sea, then penetrates to the San-in and the Hokuriku area by the sea breeze.</p><p>2) A sensitivity analysis determined that the volcanic SO2 contribution was 80% at the sea near Sakurajima, 70% at the Hokuriku and off the coast of the San-in area.</p><p>3) The Process analysis of CMAQ showed that SO42− near Sakurajima was formed by a gas phase reaction in the daytime and the liquid phase reaction in the clouds, then transported out by horizontal advection and diffusion. SO42− at the Japan Sea increased by horizontal advection and diffusion. It indicated that SO42− formed near Sakurajima was transported to the Japan Sea.</p>

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