Controlling Factors of Volatile Organic Compounds in Cloud Water at the Summit of Mt. Fuji in the Free Troposphere during the Summer

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  • 富士山体を用いた夏季自由対流圏における雲水中揮発性有機化合物の観測

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Abstract

<p>At the summit of Mt. Fuji in July and August from 2012 to 2018, 27 kinds of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (AVOCs) and 6 types of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) in the air and in cloud water were determined. AVOCs occupied about 90% of the VOCs in the cloud water (volume-weighted mean VOCs concentration: 2.07 nM, n=159) and the main component was toluene, reflecting its high concentration in the ambient air. The concentration of the AVOCs in the cloud water was high when the airmass was transported from the southern continent and was about 1.5 times higher than that when it came from the ocean. The concentration of toluene in the cloud water decreased exponentially with the increase in the total ion concentration. The concentrations of some VOCs such as chloroform, o-xylene, and limonen in the cloud water were several times higher than their Henry’s law predicted values. Among the chlorinated hydrocarbons, highly hydrophobic chloroform was more concentrated than dichloromethane in the cloud water. Atmospheric surfactants such as HULIS (Humic-like Substances) could affect the enrichment of the VOCs in the cloud water even in the free troposphere.</p>

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