Commensal bacteria prevent pathogenic bacterial infection by inducing of activation of host immune system
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- GOTO Yoshiyuki
- Project for Host-Microbial Interactions in Symbiosis and Pathogenesis, Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University Division of Mucosal Symbiosis, International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo
Bibliographic Information
- Other Title
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- 腸内細菌による宿主免疫システム（Th17とILC3）を介した病原性細菌，真菌感染防御
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Abstract
<p>Countless numbers of bacteria inhabit the intestinal tract. One of the important functions of gut microbiota is the “colonization resistance” against infection by pathogenic microorganisms. However, detailed mechanism of the colonization resistance of intestinal bacteria is still largely unknown. We tried to identify molecular and cellular mechanism of it and found that antigen presentation by dendritic cells is required for the induction of intestinal segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB)-induced T helper 17 (Th17) cells that contribute to the protection against infection by Citrobacter rodentium. We further identified that gut Th17 cells selectively recognize antigens derived from SFB. We also revealed that SFB induce α1,2-fucose, one of carbohydrate chains, expressed on the intestinal epithelial cells mediated by group 3 innate lymphoid cells. Epithelial α1,2-fucose protected against infection by pathogenic bacterium Salmonella typhimurium. Furthermore, it was found that intestinal bacteria inhibit colonization of the pathogenic fungus Candida albicans as well as pathogenic bacteria. From these studies, detailed mechanism of “colonization resistance” against pathogenic microorganisms by intestinal bacteria has been clarified.</p>
Journal
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- Nippon Saikingaku Zasshi
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Nippon Saikingaku Zasshi 75 (2), 185-194, 2020
JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR BACTERIOLOGY