Sensitive and specific method of screening for Group B <i>Streptococcus</i> in pregnant women using a new enrichment broth combined with latex agglutination testing

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  • TANNO Daiki
    Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fukushima Medical University Hospital Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fukushima Medical University
  • SHOJI Ryuya
    Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fukushima Medical University Hospital
  • SAKAMOTO Yuko
    Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fukushima Medical University Hospital
  • TAKANO Yukiko
    Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fukushima Medical University Hospital
  • OHASHI Kazutaka
    Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fukushima Medical University Hospital
  • TOYOKAWA Masahiro
    Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fukushima Medical University Hospital Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fukushima Medical University Preparing section for New Faculty of Medical Science, Fukushima Medical University
  • YAMADERA Yukio
    Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fukushima Medical University Hospital
  • SHIMURA Hiroki
    Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fukushima Medical University

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Other Title
  • GBSスクリーニング検査における新規GBS増菌培地の基礎的検討とラテックス凝集法併用の有用性
  • GBS スクリーニング ケンサ ニ オケル シンキ GBS ゾウキンバイチ ノ キソテキ ケントウ ト ラテックス ギョウシュウホウ ヘイヨウ ノ ユウヨウセイ

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<p>Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) is a leading cause of sepsis and meningitis in neonates. In Japan, the universal screening for maternal GBS colonization is recommended to decrease neonatal infections. However, the conventional methods cannot fully detect GBS and produce some false negative results. In this study, we evaluated a new GBS enrichment broth, which changes its color in the presence of GBS, in comparison with the conventional direct agar plating. We also evaluated the usefulness of a latex agglutination (LA) test for the broth after 24-h incubation. First, we estimated the efficiency of the enrichment broth using 100 samples. The detection rates of GBS were 13% (13/100) and 18% (18/100) in direct agar plating and enrichment broth culture, respectively. The positive predictive value of GBS in the broth that changed to yellow was 25.7% (18/70), and the negative predictive value in the broth that did not change to yellow was 100% (30/30) after 24-h incubation. All GBS-positive swabs changed the color of the broth to yellow after incubation up to 24-h. The LA test for the cultured broth detected all GBS with no false positive or false negative results when using 246 additional samples. These results show that this new enrichment broth is more sensitive than direct agar plating in the detection of GBS. Furthermore, the LA test for the cultured broth can contribute to the improvement of GBS detection. In conclusion, our study indicates that the new GBS enrichment broth and the LA test are useful as sensitive and specific methods for GBS screening in pregnant women.</p>

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