The Enigmatic Snow Microorganism, Chionaster nivalis, Is Closely Related to Bartheletia paradoxa (Agaricomycotina, Basidiomycota)

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  • Matsuzaki Ryo
    Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba Biodiversity Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies
  • Takashima Yusuke
    Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba Sugadaira Research Station, Mountain Science Center, University of Tsukuba
  • Suzuki Iwane
    Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba
  • Kawachi Masanobu
    Biodiversity Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies
  • Nozaki Hisayoshi
    Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo
  • Nohara Seiichi
    Biodiversity Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies
  • Degawa Yousuke
    Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba Sugadaira Research Station, Mountain Science Center, University of Tsukuba

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  • The Enigmatic Snow Microorganism, <i>Chionaster nivalis</i>, Is Closely Related to <i>Bartheletia paradoxa</i> (<i>Agaricomycotina</i>, <i>Basidiomycota</i>)

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<p>Chionaster nivalis is frequently detected in thawing snowpacks and glaciers. However, the taxonomic position of this species above the genus level remains unclear. We herein conducted molecular analyses of C. nivalis using the ribosomal RNA operon sequences obtained from more than 200 cells of this species isolated from a field-collected material. Our molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that C. nivalis is a sister to Bartheletia paradoxa, which is an orphan basal lineage of Agaricomycotina. We also showed that C. nivalis sequences were contained in several previously examined meta-amplicon sequence datasets from snowpacks and glaciers in the Northern Hemisphere and Antarctica.</p>

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