空港バリアフリー施策における制度的整備の比較研究

<p>The purpose of this study is to make a comparative analysis of aviation policies in Japan, Europe, and the United States based on international agreements, from the comprehensive perspective of the integrated development of hardware and software for the use of aircraft as a series of air travel by persons with disabilities, in order to accumulate knowledge that will contribute to the policy formulation of Japan's aviation administration regarding the transportation of persons with disabilities, and to clarify the direction that will contribute to the revision of policy formulation that Japan should execute in the future. </p><p>Specifically, we trace the process of enactment of international treaties as well as laws and regulations concerning the use of aircraft in Japan, Europe and the United States, and conduct a comparative analysis of administrative documents on airport and aviation policies to clarify what is the idea of a security of movement so that a wide variety of people can be transferred safely and smoothly in the use of aircraft, which requires international agreement.</p><p>International Civil Aviation Organization(ICAO) positioned provision of special assistance that respects the dignity of individual persons with disabilities as a way of the access to air services.</p><p>In Japan, large major airports have achieved a high level of performance in terms of hardware and reached services of quality including each air carrier and airport operator's own software measures. On the other hand the concept of ICAO's support is left to the voluntary efforts of those operators, that does not guarantee the rights of persons with disabilities as in Europe and the United States. In Europe it has historically developed the concept of guaranteeing the rights of persons with disabilities while improving the guarantee of passenger rights, and in the United States it has expanded the guarantee while realizing the claims of persons with disabilities based on the prohibition of discrimination. ICAO's concept of support is based on the concept of rights, and it is found that the laws and regulations guarantee not only the maintenance of facilities but also the management of human support for smooth use of aircraft by persons with disabilities internationally.</p><p>A comparison with the Europe and United States shows that in Japan the establishment of human assistance to ensure the mobility of persons with disabilities who use airplanes is a key to further enhance the level of software. In order to ensure the same level of mobility for persons with disabilities as in Europe and the United States, it is necessary to position the right of mobility for persons with disabilities in the aviation and the barrier-free related laws as well as in Europe and the United States. To this end, the Basic Act on Transportation Policy, which is a higher-level law, also clarifies the rights of persons with disabilities to travel by air equally as other passengers. As a result, it will be possible to establish a institutional development from a comprehensive perspective in aviation administration that will guarantee the mobility of persons with disabilities.</p>