Professionalism of Community-Based Nurses in Sparsely Populated Areas: Findings Based on the Practices and Narratives of Visiting Nurses in Oguni, Yamagata Prefecture

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  • Yamada Kaoru
    山形県立保健医療大学保健医療学部看護学科

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Other Title
  • 過疎地域における地域密着型看護師の専門性 ——山形県小国町の訪問看護師の実践と語りから——
  • 過疎地域における地域密着型看護師の専門性 : 山形県小国町の訪問看護師の実践と語りから
  • カソ チイキ ニ オケル チイキ ミッチャクガタ カンゴシ ノ センモンセイ : ヤマガタケン オグニマチ ノ ホウモン カンゴシ ノ ジッセン ト カタリ カラ

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Abstract

<p>Recently, rural and community nurses who provide community-based care have become the focus of attention due to changes in the types of illnesses, the decreasing birthrate, and the aging of the population in rural areas of Japan. The objective of this study was to examine the professionalism of nurses who provide community-based care in areas where caregiving capacity is declining, focusing on visiting nurses in the sparsely populated area of Oguni, Yamagata Prefecture. Visiting nurses from a visiting nurse station at a municipal hospital were followed, participant observations and interviews of the nurses were conducted, and the care they practiced was analyzed qualitatively. The findings revealed that nurses in Oguni practiced care that respected the geographic and familial ties characteristic of areas that receive heavy snowfall and the family and community history that those ties engender. The results suggested that the nurses held the roles of both health care workers and local residents, giving rise to health care worker skills that are associated with the context of decision-making for local patients and families, and that this is the professionalism of rural nurses who provide community-based care.</p>

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