看護技術におけるイノベーションの普及に関する研究(第4報) : 根拠に基づくイノベーティブ看護技術の採用度と個人特性との関連

新しい知見や実証に基づいた看護技術の普及は、臨床における看護ケアの質の向上に大きく関わるものである。本研究は、看護師がイノベーションと認識し、かつ研究的根拠が明白な看護技術の採用とスタッフナースの個人特性並びに所属する看護部責任者の個人特性との関連を明らかにすることを目的とし、病床数規模別に無作為抽出した141病院のスタッフナース各10名と看護部責任者を対象に質問紙調査を行った。スタッフナースには、22項目の根拠のあるイノベーティブ看護技術について、E.M. Rogersの普及決定過程における段階モデルに沿って尋ね、採用度を算出した。スタッフナース及び看護部責任者の個人特性については、年齢・性別・免許の種類・学歴・所属・専門資格・学会所属と参加頻度等を質問した。スタッフナースの有効回答は886部、看護部責任者の有効回答は124部でこれを分析対象とした。その結果、根拠のあるイノベーティブ看護技術の採用度は、最低43〜最高105点、平均78.5±10.0点で、個人差があった。採用度とスタッフナースの個人特性との関連で有意差が認められたのは、年代***、専門資格の取得***、学会の所属**、学会の参加頻度***、施設外の研修会への参加頻度***、看護研究への取組みの回数***、看護研究の発表の有無**、専門雑誌の講読の有無***、購読冊数**、図書室の利用頻度***、病院や看護部理念の認知***であった。スタッフナースの採用度と関連が認められた看護部責任者の個人特性は、一般学歴**、認定看護管理者資格の有無*、学会参加の頻度*、図書室の利用頻度*で、関連する項目は少なかった。イノベーティブ看護技術の普及には、専門資格の取得、研修・研究活動などを推進して視野を広く持つと共に、院内にとどまらず情報に触れる機会が持てるような看護継続教育を行っていく必要があると考えられ、看護部責任者はそれらを支援していく体制を作る必要性が示唆された。*:p<0.05、**:p<0.01、***:p<0.001The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the degree of innovative nursing practices of the adoption and the individual factors of the staff nurses and the nursing administrators. These innovative practices are recognized by the nurse as innovative skills that are supported by scientific research. The subjects were 141 randomly selected nursing administrators from various hospital sizes and 10 staff nurses from each of those selected hospitals. The Diffusion of Innovation Model by E.M. Rogers was used to determine the diffusion of each 22 innovative practices in a variety of hospitals. In order to identify individual characteristic, it asked the staff nurses that the age, the gender, the kind of the license, the education, the belonging of the hospital, the professional qualification for nursing, the society belonging and the frequency of the participation in the society and so on are nursing administrators. It analyzed 886 valid answers of the staff nurse and 124 valid answers of the nursing administrators. The degree of some innovative nursing practices of the adoption was to do 43 minimum, a maximum of 105, an average of 78.5±10.0 and there was a difference among individuals in it. There were significant differences between the degree of innovative nursing practices of the adoption and the individual factors of the staff nurses such as, the period 30 years old since then, the acquisition of the professional qualification for nursing, the belonging to the society, the frequency of the participation in the society, the frequency of the participation in the workshop out of the facilities, the number of times to nursing research, the number of times of the nursing research releasing, the existence or non-existence of the nursing special purpose magazine subscription, the number of the magazines to subscribe, the use frequency of the library, the recognition of the idea at the hospital and in nursing department. There were significant differences between the degree of innovative nursing practices of the adoption and the individual factors of the nursing administrators such as, the general education, the existence or nonexistence of the authorized nursing administrator qualification, the frequency of the participation in the society, the use frequency of the library, there were few related items. It is necessary to do the continued nursing education that it is possible to have the opportunity not to stay, being in-hospital and to touch information by having view widely through the acquisition of the professional qualification, the study and training and research activity and so on for the diffusion of innovative nursing practices. Also, the nursing administrators must make the system to support them.

国立情報学研究所の「学術雑誌公開支援事業」により電子化されました。