光反射シートマルチを利用した減農薬ブドウ‘シャインマスカット’におけるフタテンヒメヨコバイの発生

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タイトル別名
  • Occurrence of Arboridia apicalis (Nawa) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) under Reduced Insecticide Management and Reflective Sheet Mulching in Grapevine cultivar ‘Shine Muscat’
  • ヒカリ ハンシャ シートマルチ オ リヨウ シタ ゲン ノウヤク ブドウ'シャインマスカット'ニ オケル フタテンヒメヨコバイ ノ ハッセイ

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説明

The effect of reduced insecticide spraying program using reflective sheet (RS) mulching on the occurrence of a grape leafhopper Arboridia apicalis (Nawa) was investigated in the grapevine cultivar ‘Shine Muscat’ (Vitis labruscana Bailey × V. vinifera L.) in hedgerow orchards. We found that RS mulching suppressed the infestation and damage caused by A. apicalis on the leaves until early July. Occurrence of the first generation of A. apicalis nymphs was synchronized with the migration of the second generation of Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood adults. The supplementary insecticide spraying timed to coincide with the migration of the second generation of S. dorsalis adults effectively suppressed the infestation of the first generation of A. apicalis. The level of A. apicalis infestation (until early August) and the leaf damage caused on grapevine leaves (until early July) under treatment with reduced insecticide spraying and RS mulching were comparable with those in plants receiving conventional insecticide spraying without mulching. However, the leaf damage in the treatment with reduced insecticide spraying with RS mulching increased after late July presumably because of the migration of the second generation of nymphs oviposited by adult females that flew from grapevine trees not sprayed with insecticide. In conclusion, RS mulching of grapevine plants combined with supplementary insecticide spraying is more effective in the control of A. apicalis infestation than RS mulching alone.

垣根仕立てのブドウ‘シャインマスカット’において，フタテンヒメヨコバイに対する光反射シートマルチを利用した減農薬防除体系の有効性を調査した．フタテンヒメヨコバイの 7 月上旬までの寄生個体数や葉の被害はシートマルチにより抑えられた．減農薬防除試験樹では寄生個体数を 8 月上旬まで，また葉の被害を 7 月上旬まで慣行防除樹と同程度に抑えることができた．フタテンヒメヨコバイ第 1 世代幼虫発生時期とチャノキイロアザミウマ第 2 世代成虫飛来時期とはほぼ重なり，チャノキイロアザミウマ第 2 世代成虫飛来時期に実施する補完防除はフタテンヒメヨコバイにも有効と考えられた．

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