高血圧と血管内皮依存性過分極（EDH）

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  • 後藤 健一
    九州大学大学院医学研究院保健学部門看護学分野

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タイトル別名
  • Endothelium-dependent Hyperpolarization (EDH) in Hypertension
  • コウケツアツ ト ケッカン ナイヒ イソンセイ カブンキョク(EDH)

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Hypertension is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease. While endothelium-derived nitric oxide is a major vasodilator in large-size vessels, endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH) initiated in endothelial cells plays a central role in endothelium-dependent vasodilation in resistance size arteries. In animal models, EDH ‒mediated relaxations are impaired in hypertension and antihypertensive treatments restore such impairments. However, the underlying mechanisms of impaired EDH and its improvement by antihypertensive treatments are poorly understood. Emerging evidence suggests that alterations of endothelial ion channels such as small conductance Ca2+ -activated K+ (SKCa) and transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) channels contribute to the impaired EDH in hypertension. In this review, we present the current knowledge about changes in EDH in hypertension. We then explore underlying mechanisms of impaired EDH and potential therapeutic approaches aimed at the prevention and restoration of impaired EDH in hypertension, with special reference to the role of endothelial SKCa channels and TRPV4 channels.

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