内燃機関の体積効率に関する理論的考察

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  • A Theoretical Discussion on the volumetric Efficiency of Internal Combustion Engines
  • ナイネン キカン ノ タイセキ コウリツ ニ カンスル リロンテキ コウサツ

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type:Article

The volumetric efficiency of internal combustion engines includes many factors mutually complex. Hence, it is very difficult to express that by the description of chemical and physical terms. Especially, the initial compression temperature T^B, which gives important light on questions of charge density or volumetric efficiency, will be gained only by the experiment, that one greatest difficulty is the problem of non-homogeneity of the cylinder charge. There is described a theoretical discussion on the volumetric efficiency in this papers, and factors included there-in have been qualitatively descussed in comparison with the thesisses having already been published. This discussion has revealed the following. (1) The temperature Tw of the cylinder wall on gas side must, if possible, be measured at any constant state in which difficult the temperature of jacket water at least must be constant. (2) At high speed engines the values calculated by the experiment may be compared with under the equal conditions of the charge temperature Ts, on the contrary, of the temperature Tw at low speed engines. (3) The volumetric efficiency of idling at high speed diesel engines may be in estimation, but gasoline engines or low speed diesel engines must be tested on loading.

内燃機関(以下単に機関という)の給気吸込能力を表わす尺度としての体積効率は複雑な要素を含んでおり,実状に適合した物理化学的因子を用いて数式をたてる事が仲々困難である。その為かどうかは知らぬが,内容的に類似の性質をもつ充てん効率等との混同が文献或は著書等に偶々見受ける。機関のシリンダ内ガスの状態変化並ガス交換に影響を及ぼす因子は複雑多岐に互る為,実際の現象を数式で明示するのは非常にむつかしく,従って理論式は幾多の前提条件の上に成立するので定量的には勿論時としては定性的にもこれを論義するのが無意味のように思はれる事さえある。然しながら体積効率の意味する内容は機関の性能特にその出力に大きな影響をもつ。本文は機関の体積効率に関し一つの理論式を提出し併せて数式中の各因子の体積効率に及ぼす影響を定性的に論じた。

identifier:富山大学工学部紀要,14(1/2)

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