抗生物質の相乗効果の機序についての実験的研究 : 特にAmpicillin（ABPc）とCloxacillin（MCIPc）の相乗作用について

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タイトル別名
  • Experimental Studies on the Mechanism of the Synergistic Effect of Combined Chemotherapy : Especially on the Synergistic Activity of Ampicillin and Cloxacillin
  • コウセイ ブッシツ ノ ソウジョウ コウカ ノ キジョ ニ ツイテ ノ ジッケ

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Hitherto the majority of research on the synergistic activity of combined use of penicillins or penicillin and cephalosporin has been centered on in vitro studies rather than in vivo. In order to evaluate the efficacy of combined use of antibiotics, in vivo studies shoud be made. In this paper the synergistic activity of a one to one combination of ampicillin and cloxacillin was studied under varied experimental infection systems and at the same time some in vitro experiments were carried out. The results obtained are as follows. 1） In a systemic infection system in mice, the combined therapy showed an effective synergistic activity against E. coli infection. 2） In experimental urinary tract infection in rats, the combined use resulted in a marked decrease of viable cell counts in the kidneys. 3） In an infection system using rat granuloma pouch, combined use showed a stronger bactericidal activity in the exudate as compared with the results of single use of two penicillins alone. 4） Viable cells counts in the kidneys of mice infected with E. coli showed a marked decrease after treatment with combined therapy, however the single use of each penicillin showed little or no effect. 5） The inhibitory effect of cloxacillin on penicillinase was enhanced by the co-existence of normal rat tissue homogenate. 6） Inactivation of ampicillin by homogenates of mouse kidney infected with E. coli was inhibited by an addition of cloxacillin. 7） The activity of phagocytosis of macrophage was enhanced by the co-existence of ampicillin and cloxacillin as compared with the effect of the existence of each penicillin alone. 8） The uptake of penicillins by E. coli cells was enhanced by the co-existence of other penicillins. The results obtained above showed that the synergistic activity in vivo of the combination use of ampicillin and cloxacillin was effective, and it was suremised that the mechanism of synergistic effect of the combiced therapy was not simple.

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