精神療法の神学 : パウル・ティリッヒと心理学

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  • セイシン リョウホウ ノ シンガク パウル ティリッヒ ト シンリガク

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For Tillich, salvation is essentially healing. Every act ofhealing is a part ofuniversal, cosmic healing, i.e., the recovery ofthe harmony ofthe whole. Existentialism points to the universal anxiety by which every finite being is threatned, and psychoanalysis points to some special forms of anxieties which cause mental illness. Therefore, both existentialism and psychoanalysis have significance for Christian theology. They show the problems theology must answer. Psychoanalysis can propose a new model ofcounseling for Christian pastoral care; that is, “acceptance.” Theologically speaking, it is “the acceptance ofbeing accepted,” “acceptance ofinspite-of, ” acceptance of one’s finitude, guilt, and doubt; in short, psychoanalysis points to selfacceptance. However, pastoral care has some characteristics different from those of ordinary psychotherapy. A pastor can partly take on the role ofa psychotherapist, but a pastor is a pastor, not a psychotherapist. In the case ofpastoral care, counseling is processed under the power of the Ultimate, who gives the power ofhealing to both the counselor and those being counseled. The pastor must keep in mind ofthe source ofthis power. We can characterize the total system ofTillich’s theology as the theology ofhealing. Moreover, we must rethink the significance of psychotherapy for the church ministry, especially for pastoral work.

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