現代イスラームにおける宗教勢力と政治的対立 : カイロにおけるアズハル＝フセイン複合体とサラフィー主義

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • Religious Forces and Political Conflicts in Contemporary Islam : the Azhar Husayni Complex and the Salafiyyah in Cairo
  • ゲンダイ イスラーム ニ オケル シュウキョウ セイリョク ト セイジテキ タ

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説明

There is a widely held view which assumes a fundamentalconflict between the Islam of the 'Ulamd', an official and eliteIslam, and the Islam of the Sufi orders, a popular Islam. Italso tends to see "the official Islam" as an instrument in thehands of those in power. But in Cairo, which is without doubtone of the most flourishing centers of the Islamic world and wherea field study was carried out in 1977-8, practice does not sub-statiatesuch a view. There the 'Ulama' and the Sufi orders showmany signs of co-existence.What symbolizes the close relationship between the two,both in terms of spatial and social intimacy, is the Azhar-HusayniComplex, which is situated in the center of old Cairo. TheAzhar with its numerous institutions represents the Islam ofthe 'Ulamd', while the Sufi orders are represented by the HusaynMosque and the Supreme Council of the Sufi orders. All ofthese are in one area, measuring about 300 m by 200 m, andconstitute one religious center. Here we can recognize manydifferent aspects of inter-relationship and co-existence : the twoIslams, so to speak, have their own hierarchical structures, startingfrom the top of the pyramid and being merged into the masswithout clear borders; furthermore the hierarchies penetrateeach other in concrete social terms. Therefore it is simplisticto interpret "official Islam" and "popular Islam" as oppositepositions.

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