Aboriginal Population Dynamics : An Overview

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  • オーストラリア・アボリジニ社会再編成の人口論的考察
  • オーストラリア アボリジニ シャカイ サイヘンセイ ノ ジンコウロンテキ コウ

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Radcliffe-Brown estimated that at the time of Europeansettlement there were about 250,000 aborigines in Australia(1930). Applying population increase rates derived from theJomon Period to an original founder population of twenty andan increase ratio of 0.0005, the aboriginal population wouldhave reached 250,000 in about 30,000 years. The decline of theaboriginal population began at the end of the 18th century, withEuropean settlement, and destruction continued such that by thebeginning of this century the whole population was in danger ofextinction. Censuses indicate that recovery of the populationstarted only after 1920. Compared with other indigenouspopulations which had a similar historical experience to theaborigines, the rate of recovery of the aboriginal populationwas very rapid. This surprisingly high rate was due mainly toa growth in the population of people of mixed descent, particularlyin urban areas, rather than among the remote populationsof full-blood, which did not start to increase until somewhat later.The development of a pan-aboriginality during the 1970s furtherincreased the rate of population increase, as many people ofmixed descent reasserted their aboriginal identity.

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