Preparation and Photo-thermal Isomerization of Azo [2.2.1]-and Azo[2.2.3]metacyclophane Tweezers

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Azo[2.2.1]metacyclophane (MCP) tweezer 11 and azo[2.2.3]MCP tweezer 12 were prepared from [2.2.1]MCP 1a and [2.2.3]MCP 8, respectively, by ipso-nitration followed by reductive coupling using LiAlH_4. The photochemical and thermal isomerization of azo[2.2.n]MCP tweezers were studied by UV spectroscopy. The activation parameter (E_a) of the thermal cis-trans isomerization of 11 and 12 was determined as 81.7 kJmol^<-1> and 90.9 kJmol^<-1>, respectively.

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