A Study on the Development of Mixed Husbandry from Viewpoint of History of Farm Management in England (3)

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  • Sato Toshio
    Seminar of Farm Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University

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  • イギリスにおける混合農業の展開に関する経営史的研究 (3)
  • イギリス ニ オケル コンゴウ ノウギョウ ノ テンカイ ニ カンスル ケイエ

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Abstract

In the present paper (Study III), author discusses the characteristcs of Mixed Husbandry at the stage of individual farm manemgement (Chapter III), and the significance of dung of the development of Mixed Husbandry (ChapterIV). Because as in Chapter II, the factors affecting the development of Mixed Husbandry is examined England as a whole, Chapter III aims to point out its characteristics at the stage of individual farm management. Chapter IV supplements this study, for one of the characteristics of the agriculture under the Period of High Farming is more uses of purchased fertilizer than previous periods, and so in this case, it is very important what more uses of purchased fertilizer effect on the system of English farming. Though author feels sorry not to sum shortly those contents here, he remarks some points to be cleared through this study. Author places Norfolk Husbandry as Early Priod of the Development of Mixed Husbandry for the reason why Norfolk Husbandry at Agricultural Revolution Period is one of having certain peculiarity and regional limitation, and then, the factors that it extends to the whole of England and realizes higher productivity under the Period of High Farming is (i) in arable enterprise, the development of drill husbandry, more fertilization (by means of more dung and purchased fertilizer), and the evolution of land improvements (by pipe-draining and the mixing the soil), (ii) in livestock enterprise, the introduction of livestocks of superior breed as Shorthorn and Southdown and so on, and the improvement and development of the feeding methods of livestock (the evolution of stall-feeding, more uses of turnip, grasses and purchased feed such as oil-cake and linseed-cake, the establishment of the machines and implements of cooking those feed, and the erection of liquid manure tank), (iii) the rese of prices of corn and livestock, and the degelopment of means of communication which aspire those technical progress. Accordingly, under the presence of above mentioned economic and technical factors under the Period of High Farming, the extended reproduction function that contains "introduction of turnip and clover→increase of livestock productivity→increase of dung→increase of arable productivity" which is generally pointed as a characteristics attended to Norfolk Husbandry at Agricultural Revolution Period, is more completely, more extensively realized.

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