<Articles>Establishment and Urbanization of Calcutta

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  • <論説>カルカッタの建設と都市形成 : 十八世紀末までの都市誌の試み
  • カルカッタの建設と都市形成--十八世紀末までの都市誌の試み
  • カルカッタ ノ ケンセツ ト トシ ケイセイ ジュウハチセイキマツ マデ ノ

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Abstract

It was in 1690 that the English East India Company founded a factory at Sutanuty. Since then Calcutta has grown as an important city under British rule of Bengal and later the whole of India. In this article we will trace three stages in the process of the urbanization of Calcutta up to the end of the eighteenth century. In the first period, the latter half of the seventeenth century, Calcutta, both politically and economically became a leading town in the Bhagirathi-Hooghly Rivers area, and at the same time the British began the colonization of Bengal. I also investigated why J. Charnock chose Sutanuty as the location for his factory in Bengal. Second, we will follow the growth process of Calcutta in the first half of the eighteenth century. Especially the formation of the hinterland of Calcutta and the early city plans will be examined. Through the third period, the latter half of the eighteenth century, we will look at the process of change in Calcutta. The British recapture of Calcutta from Siraj-ud-Ullah, and victory at the battle of Plassey greatly changed the character of the city. Since then, this factory town established by the British East India Company in Bengal grew into a politically and strategically important city, even after British Colonial rule ended. The transition was clearly marked in the plans to rebuild Calcutta after the battle. The basic urban structure of the city, which has remained up to now, was established during this period, and at the same time areal segregation of the residential area between the English and the Indian communities was definitely marked off.

Journal

  • 史林

    史林 60 (6), 797-839, 1977-11-01

    THE SHIGAKU KENKYUKAI (The Society of Historical Research), Kyoto University

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