<Articles>United States Foreign Policy on Taiwan during the Early Period of the Cold War : In the Context of Development of a Comprehensive Policy on Asia in 1949

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Other Title
  • <論説>冷戦初期アメリカ合衆国の台湾政策 : 一九四九年の包括的アジア政策形成という文脈において
  • 冷戦初期アメリカ合衆国の台湾政策--1949年の包括的アジア政策形成という文脈において
  • レイセン ショキ アメリカ ガッシュウコク ノ タイワン セイサク 1949ネン ノ ホウカツテキ アジア セイサク ケイセイ ト イウ ブンミャク ニ オイテ

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As it became obvious that the Chinese Communist Party would emerge victorious in the Chinese civil war, the Truman administration urgently looked to the newly appointed Secretary of State, Dean Acheson, to decide a policy on Taiwan (then called Formosa) at the beginning of 1949. This essay analyzes United States policy on Taiwan around the time when Mao Ze Dong achieved total control on the mainland. In so doing, the aim is not merely to focus on the linkage with policy toward mainland China but at the same time to introduce (284) particularly the perspective on Asia, including Taiwan. The reason for this approach is that the author attaches great importance to a series of policy papers on Taiwan termed National Security Council Policy 37, which is inseparable from the formation of the comprehensive Asia program that began to evolve after the spring of 1949. It is subsequently shown that the stance of indulging moderate nationalism played a significant role in determing the significance of Taiwan at the end of 1949. This reevaluation of policy on Taiwan sheds new light on the State Department's understanding of nationalism and further clarifies Acheson's policy on Asia, which was built on this understanding. Previous studies have generally evaluated these points negatively, but the reappraisal presented in this essay should serve as impetus for revision of the conmonly held view.

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  • 史林

    史林 87 (2), 215-250, 2004-03-01

    THE SHIGAKU KENKYUKAI (The Society of Historical Research), Kyoto University

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