Sign Language Variation and Implications for Deaf Education in Japan

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  • Sign language variation and implications for deaf educations in Japan

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Abstract

本論では，ろう者が使用する，Visual-gestural 言語（手話）に注目し，日本で使用されている三種類の手話の分類：「日本手話」，「対応手話」，「中間手話」について詳しく検討をする．ろう者の場合，言語環境及び教育環境がさまざまであり，言語の多様性が見られる．親が聴者の子供たちは，音声言語で育ち，親がろう者の子供たちは，手話で育ち手話を自然に習得する．日本では，かつて手話は教育現場で禁じられていたが，少しずつ認可されている．本論では「手話」がどのようにろう学校で取り扱われているのか調べ，手話の多様性について理解が広まることを願う．

This paper focuses on the visual-gestural language of the deaf by discussing the three types of shuwa used in Japan: ‘Nihon Shuwa’ (Japanese Sign Language or JSL), ‘Taiou Shuwa’ (Manually Coded Japanese) and ‘Chuukan Shuwa’ (Contact Signing). Diversity in language use occurs for the deaf as their linguistic and educational backgrounds are never the same: some deaf children have hearing parents and are surrounded by spoken language, while others have Deaf parents and acquire sign language naturally. In Japan, sign language use has been prohibited in deaf schools but is currently gaining more acceptance. This paper aims to investigate the status of ‘shuwa’ in deaf schools in Tokyo to raise awareness of the variations that exist when the term ‘shuwa’ is used.

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