中国語の“果然”と「意外性」を表す語句との共起について : 「前提」という観点から

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タイトル別名
  • On the Collocation of Guoran and Phrases Expressing Mirativity in Chinese : From the Viewpoint of Presupposition

説明

Chinese modal adverb “guoran” is an expectation marker, while “jing (ran)” is a counterexpectation marker. The two markers normally do not exist in one sentence simultaneously. However, previous studies mentioned the collocation of “guoran” and “jing” without analyzing the reason and the function. Through researching the corpus, we found that the collocation of “guoran” and the phrases expressing mirativity such as “jingran” is not unusual. This paper examines the collocation of “guoran” and the phrases expressing mirativity. Firstly, we focus on the meaning of “guoran”. Sentences using “guoran” usually include experiences like hearsay, prediction based on experiences, results that corresponds with the prediction and the continuation of the result. “Guoran” may respond to experiences such as hearsay or the speaker’s prediction. Moreover, the semantic feature of “guoran” is [+ confirmation], does not collide with the meaning of mirativity. Thus this is the cause of the collocation of “guoran” and phrases expressing mirativity. Every sentence has a presupposition. This paper analyzes the collocation of “guoran” and phrases expressing mirativity from the perspective of presupposition. When “guoran” collocates with phrases expressing mirativity, the presupposition should be a prediction related to the result. We found that when the collocation exists in a certain sentence, there are two types of situations: the result does not correspond with the prediction of the speaker and the result corresponds with the prediction of the speaker. When the result does not correspond with the speaker’s predictions, we can see the prediction of a third party that corresponds with the result, and the prediction of the speaker which conflicts with the result. In this regard, the degree of the mirativity decreases. On the other hand, when the result corresponds with the speaker’s predictions, the prediction of the speaker is inauthentic. In this regard, the result tends to exceed the prediction of the speaker.

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