シンハラ語の非能動文の意味構造について

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  • The argument structure of inactive clauses in Sinhala: A semantic analysis

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This paper examines the argument structure of intransitive clauses in Sinhala from a semantic point of view. Particular attention is paid to ‘inactive clauses' , revealing their structural aspects that includes adjustments in verb morphology and case marking patterns. The logical basis of active/inactive opposition which serves as the semantic determinant of active typology, as pointed out by Klimov 1979, is shown to remain a pervasive feature of the grammar. It is also shown that contextual/functional property need not be an inherent property of the syntactic unit. Finally, the question how Sinhala has developed these grammatical constructions is speculated.@@@この論文は､シンハラ語の自動文の意味構造を分析するものである｡特に､動詞形態と格標示の調整を伴う構成的要素を持つ､いわゆる｢非能動文｣を扱い､｢能動型｣対｢非能動型｣という対立の論理的基盤がシンハラ語の文法の著しい特色をなすことを論じる｡文脈的・機能的意味要素が形態・統語的単位の中で表れない場合があることも明らかにする｡最後に､シンハラ語にこのような文法構文ができた動機付けを考察する｡

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