Relationship between Mindful Eating and Frequency of Meals Combining Staple Food, Main Dish, and Side Dish among Female University Students

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  • Eda Masumi
    Graduate School of Humanities and Science, Ochanomizu University
  • Kawasaki Yui
    Natural Science Division, Faculty of Core Research, Ochanomizu University Counseling Psychology, Department of Psychology, Potsdam University
  • Akamatsu Rie
    Natural Science Division, Faculty of Core Research, Ochanomizu University Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University
  • Fujiwara Yoko
    Natural Science Division, Faculty of Core Research, Ochanomizu University Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University

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  • マインドフルイーティングを実践する女子大学生の主食・主菜・副菜を組み合わせた食事の摂取頻度
  • マインドフルイーティング オ ジッセン スル ジョシ ダイガクセイ ノ シュショク ・ シュ サイ ・ フクサイ オ クミアワセタ ショクジ ノ セッシュ ヒンド

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<p>Objective: Recently, an approach called mindful eating (ME) has attracted attention to problematic eating habits. To explore the possibility of improving eating habits using the expanded ME (EME) scale, we examined the sociodemographic characteristics of female university students practicing EME and the frequency of intake of meals combining a staple food, a main dish, and a side dish (hereinafter referred to as nutritionally balanced meals).</p><p>Methods: In November 2018, we conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey involving 1,388 female university students. We used items relating to sociodemographic characteristics, the EME scale, and the frequency of intake of nutritionally balanced meals. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed on the average score of the EME subscales, and the sociodemographic characteristics and frequency of intake of nutritionally balanced meals were compared between each cluster using the χ2 test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and logistic regression analysis.</p><p>Results: In total, 482 students were included in the analysis (analysis rate = 34.7%). They were classified into the following four clusters: non-EME type (14.1%), non-ME type (36.9%), ME type (25.3%), and EME type (23.7%). No significant differences were observed in sociodemographic characteristics between the clusters. After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics using logistic regression analysis, the EME type cluster had a higher frequency of intake of nutritionally balanced meals than the non-EME type cluster (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 3.05 [1.50–6.22]).</p><p>Conclusions: This study suggests that female university students who are environmentally friendly and have appreciation for food are more likely to consume nutritionally balanced meals.</p>

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