The Careers and Work of Directors in Hospital Pharmacy: Tokyo Prefectural Matsuzawa Hospital --Meiji Period to the End of WWII--

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  • 過去の東京都立松沢病院薬局長の経歴と業績に関する考察―明治時代から第二次世界大戦終了時まで―
  • カコ ノ トウキョウ トリツ マツザワ ビョウイン ヤッキョクチョウ ノ ケイレキ ト ギョウセキ ニ カンスル コウサツ : メイジ ジダイ カラ ダイニジ セカイ タイセン シュウリョウジ マデ

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Abstract

Introduction: During the Meiji Period, prefectural hospitals were founded for the treatment of patients with psychiatric diseases. In this study, the author investigated the directors of pharmacies at (1) Tokyo-Fu Tenkyo-In (1879-1889), (2) Tokyo Prefectural Sugamo Hospital (1889-1919), and (3) Tokyo Prefectural Matsuzawa Hospital (1919-). Methods: The author used materials from the Digital Collection of the National Diet Library, the Pharmacy and Life Sciences Library of Tokyo University, the Tokyo Metropolitan Archives, the National Archives of Japan, and the author's own collections. Results and Discussion: The Director of Pharmacy at Tokyo-Fu Tenkyo-In was Dr. Keisei SATO. He was a physician and also worked in the Hi-byoin, a hospital for infectious diseases. No Yakuhoshu (the official name of pharmacists in 1874-1890) worked at Tokyo-Fu Tenkyo-In. Tsutomu ITAGAKI became the first authorized pharmacist and the Director of Pharmacy at Tokyo Prefectural Sugamo Hospital. Before Sugamo Hospital, he worked at Komagome Hospital, where infectious diseases were treated. Shohei NINOMIYA was the Director of Pharmacy at Sugamo Hospital from 1905-1911. He worked in Mohan-Yakkyoku (currently the Department of Pharmacy at the University of Tokyo Hospital). After retiring from Sugamo Hospital, NINOMIYA was employed at Roche Company as Japan’s first medical representative. Three persons that earned a Bachelor of Pharmaceutical Science Degree at Tokyo Imperial University assumed posts as directors at Tokyo Prefectural Matsuzawa Hospital from 1923-1944, and later became professors at medical schools. They were Katsumi TANI (1923-1927), Shizuo KATO (1927-1937), and Jiro BABA (1937-1944). KATO became the president of Tokyo Joshi Yakugaku Senmon-Gakko (Tokyo Pharmaceutical School for Women) in 1937. Psychiatric diseases were subject to prejudice in those days. Well-qualified staff were needed at Tokyo prefectural hospitals to treat such diseases. The position of Director of Pharmacy in prefectural hospitals was considered a high status profession among pharmacists. The author discovered that, in those days, individuals that held the position of Director of Pharmacy at Matsuzawa Hospital had no specialized training in the field of psychiatric medicine. However, they did have specialized knowledge in other fields including pharmaceutical sciences. This pharmaceutical knowledge together with their experience allowed them to make a contribution to psychiatric medical treatments.

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