Future trends for "Japanese-style job-based employment"

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Other Title
  • 日本的ジョブ型雇用の行方
  • ニホンテキ ジョブガタ コヨウ ノ ユクエ

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Abstract

Many major corporations promote "job-based employment" (specified employment) shifting from "membership-type employment" (general employment) in order to resolve the issues between labour and management such as improvement of working conditions for irregular employment, reduction of long working hours, improvement of productivity and enforcement of product and technological development. However, Japanese corporations seek their own "job-based employment" systems appropriate for the actual conditions of the employment, in stead of applying the specified employment system in western countries which may not function with the Japanese assessment system. This thesis examines these "Japanese versions of job-based employment" systems and analyzes their peculiarities and future trends. Firstly, as classification axes to distinguish the job-focused employment from the membershiptype employment, the following three questions are analyzed: 1. Are the salary and the job determined prior to the employment? 2. Which one is the determent for the salary, the job or the individual employee? 3. What are the components of organization structure, individuals or jobs? It classifies employment status to analyze these questions and predicts the future trends of "Japanese versions of job-based employment." Japanese corporations expect all the regular employees to achieve an objective by the organizational norms. The organizational norms have more influence on employees than labour contracts, even legal regulations in some cases. That is the true problem of Japanese labour systems. Specification of the job and the workplace are not enough to change the situation because employees are expected to accept additional tasks and spend extra working hours to achieve the objective. It is more practical to impose time restrictions on "achieving an objective." Therefore, rather than specification of the job and the workplace, time restriction is the key to the "Japanese version of job-based employment."

Journal

  • 評論・社会科学

    評論・社会科学 (142), 21-37, 2022-09-30

    The Association of Social Studies, Doshisha University

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